Place a large skillet or Dutch oven over medium heat and add the olive oil, allowing it to heat until shimmering.
Add the diced onion to the pan and cook, stirring occasionally, until it softens and begins to turn translucent.
Stir in the minced garlic and cook until fragrant, being careful not to let it brown too deeply.
Add the ground beef to the skillet, breaking it up with a spatula, and cook until it is browned and no longer pink.
Sprinkle the cooked beef with salt, black pepper, paprika, cumin, chili powder, dried oregano or Italian seasoning, and red pepper flakes if using, then stir well to coat the meat in the spices.
Add the diced bell pepper and sliced zucchini to the pan and stir to combine with the seasoned beef.
Whisk the tomato paste into the beef broth, pour the mixture into the skillet, and stir until everything is evenly moistened.
Let the mixture simmer over medium heat until the vegetables are tender but still slightly crisp and most of the liquid has reduced to a thick sauce.
Stir in the baby spinach and cook just until it wilts into the beef and vegetable mixture.
Taste the mixture and adjust the salt, pepper, or spices as needed to suit your preference.
If using shredded cheddar cheese, sprinkle it over the top, cover the pan briefly, and allow the cheese to melt into the mixture.
Remove the skillet from the heat and let the mixture cool for several minutes before dividing it evenly among meal prep containers.
Pack toppings such as sliced avocado, sour cream, chopped herbs, and hot sauce in separate small containers to add after reheating.
Store the meal prep bowls in the refrigerator for up to four days or freeze them for longer storage, reheating gently before serving and adding your chosen toppings.